Page 72 - Constitution

70 Years of Indian
Constitution
that only military titles and academic distinctions shall be
conferred by the State.
Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
Article 19 guarantees the right (i) to freedom of speech
and expression; (ii) to assemble peacefully and without
arms; (iii) to form associations and unions; (iv) to move
freely throughout the territory of India; (v) to reside and
settle in any part of the territory of India; and (vi) to practice
any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade, or
business.
These rights (Right to freedom) are further protected
by Articles 20 -22, which provide that in case of arrest,
a citizen has the right to be informed of the grounds of
arrest, has access to a lawyer, and be produced before a
magistrate within twenty-four hours. This right was briefly
suspended during the national emergency declared in the
year 1975.
Right against exploitation (Articles 23-24)
This article prohibits all forms of discrimination, direct
or indirect. Traffic in human beings and unpaid labour
are forbidden on pain of punishment of the offender.
Further, no child under the age of fourteen can be
employed in factories, mines, or other hazardous
occupations.
Right to freedom of religion (Article 25-28)
This article provides that subject to public order,
morality, and health, and to other provisions of Part III
of the Constitution, all persons are equally entitled to
72 70 Years of Indian Constitution
Years of Indian
Constitution
Article 17 abolishes untouchability
and prohibits its practice in any form.
The enforcement of any disability
arising out of untouchability is
punishable by law
freedom of conscience and the right to profess,
practice, and propagate their religion.
The right is subject to the following restrictions –
nothing in this article will affect the operation of
any existing law, or prevent the State from making
a law, regulating or restricting any economic,
financial, political, or other secular activity
which may be associated with religious practice;
providing for social welfare and reform; throwing open
Hindu religious institutions of a public character to all
classes and sections of Hindus. In recent times, the
right to religious propagation has been the subject of
some debate, with allegations of its misuse.
5. Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29-30).
The two articles in this section grant all citizens possessing a
distinct language, script, or culture, the right to conserve it. No
citizen shall be denied admission into an educational institution
maintained by the state or receiving aid from State funds on
grounds of religion, race, caste, language, or any of them. All
minorities, whether based on religion or language, have the